Механізм антикризового управління діяльністю промислових підприємств з урахуванням організації рефлексивних впливів

Abstract

Проведено дослідження понятійного апарату антикризового управління, доповнено сутнісну характеристику антикризового управління діяльністю промислових підприємств на основі рефлексивного підходу. Запропоновано механізм антикризового управління діяльністю промислових підприємств з урахуванням організації рефлексивних впливів та наведено рекомендації щодо його ефективної реалізації, з метою попередження, виявлення та усунення наслідків кризових явищ.The article analyzes the crisis management definitions, completes the essential characteristic of the crisis management of the industrial enterprises activities based on the reflexive approach. Taking into account the reflexive approach, the industrial enterprises crisis management is a complex management system aimed at identifying and preventing crisis phenomena at enterprises, providing conditions that would eliminate the crisis effects through social and economic development forecasting, the performance of reflexive influences on crisis processes participants, the formation and implementation of anti-crisis strategies aimed at improving performance indicators and strengthening the industrial enterprises competitive positions in the market. The industrial enterprises crisis management should take into account the complexity of horizontal and vertical links of such enterprises, the presence of a significant number of different communications, the versatile information flows. As a result, it is usually more difficult to manage such enterprises, especially if there are threats or emergence of crisis phenomena in their activities. The proposed mechanism of industrial enterprises activities crisis management takes into account the performance of reflexive actions and the recommendations for its effective implementation are given. The industrial enterprises activities crisis management mechanism involves the presence of an object (crisis phenomena arising under the influence of a changing internal and external environment and manifesting in the deviation of the enterprise actual performance indicators from the planned, normative ones) and the management subject (crisis management responsible authorities, depending on the specifics of the enterprise organizational structure), the formation of targeted management processes, its resource support (material, labor, financial, information resources, etc.), the selection of management methods and technology, establishing a clear correction and feedback system. The management process includes the monitoring, planning and forecasting subsystems (namely determining the stage, parameters, volumes and scope of the crisis phenomena), a crisis actions arrangement subsystem, a motivation and control subsystem. In fact, taking into account traditional and irrational factors of their behavior change to a negative side of the enterprise’s activities allows to influence them reflexively in time to prevent or eliminate the consequences of the crisis. In order to ensure the effectiveness of crisis management, the crisis action arrangement subsystem should take into account the reflexion of decision-making of the subjects participating in the crisis processes. The proposed crisis management mechanism which is based on the analysis of decision-making of the subjects participating in the crisis processes and the procedure of reflexive impacts on them, allows to organize the management process in a way that quickly and effectively overcome the preconditions and consequences of the crisis phenomena emergence.