Інженерна механіка та транспорт (EMT-2013). – 2013 р.
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://ena.lpnu.ua/handle/ntb/26746
Матеріали IІІ Міжнародної конференції молодих вчених EМТ-2013
У збірнику опубліковано матеріали конференції, присвяченої проблемам у галузі інженерної механіки, транспортних технологій, машинобудування, автоматизації виробництва. Видання призначено для науковців, аспірантів, студентів.
Інженерна механіка та транспорт : матеріали IІІ Міжнародної конференції молодих вчених EМТ-2013, 21–23 листопада 2013 року, Україна, Львів / Міністерство освіти і науки, молоді та спорту України, Національний університет "Львівська політехніка". – Львів : Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2013. – 112 с. : іл. – (4-й Міжнародний молодіжний фестиваль науки "Litteris et Artibus"). – Паралельний титульний аркуш англійською.
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Item Cистема керування автоматизованим вимірювальним комплексом для дослідження властивостей пористих матеріалів на базі нечіткого нейроконтролера(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2013) Смолянкін, Олег; Маркіна, ЛюдмилаPurpose. Development of hardware-software complex based on IR 5047-50 tensile machine, model building automated control systems elongation details, modeling and forecasting the behavior of porous materials under complex loading trajectories with the use of fuzzy logic. Design/methodology/approach. The authors reviewed the methods of deformation of structural materials neodnorodnyh and installation for studying deformation and strength properties of powder materials. The developed device for lifting strength and deformation characteristics of a tenzometric sensors. Constructed taruvalni dependence. Models of porous materials based on fuzzy logic. We recommend using the method of fuzzy logic to predict material behavior under complex loading paths. Findings. Developed a model plant and automated control systems of power load parameters, followed by registration of deformation characteristics using fuzzy logic Originality/value appropriate use of fuzzy logic method for modeling the behavior of porous materials.Item Fracture risk assessment of trunk oil pipeline by corrosion fatigue mechanism of service defects development(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2013) Vasyl LuzhetskyyEngineering estimations of the corrosion fracture velocity of oil pipelines have been given, which include both mechanical and physical-chemical interaction operation factors of strained material with workspace. Characteristics of cyclic corrosion crack resistance of a pipe metal of the exploited oil-trunk pipeline with the regard for operating production factors have been defined. New data about corrosive and fatigue failure of pipes in dependence on the initial sizes and forms of their detected defects have been obtained. Cyclic used and unused pipe investigated steel crack resistance charts have been compiled. Also, it has been established, that aqueous corrosive environments (soil and distilled water) essentially influence the fatigue failure propagation process in the investigated steel.Item Improving reliability of the trucks(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2013) Iskhakov, Arthur; Makarova, Irina; Khabibullin, RifatIn the article the ways of increasing competitiveness automotive technique and providing opportunities improving them by analyzing information about defects with principle of "feedback" are analyzed. Used methodology of systems allows to organize interaction between systems of firm service and production system to improve efficiency of interaction.Item Increase of cars reliability at the expense of their warranty service abroad process improvement(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2013) Makarova, Irina; Khabibullin, Rifat; Belyaev, Eduard; Kozadaev, Ruslan; Cheremin, AleksandrThe article is devoted to the development of theoretical and practical methods of solving problems associated with the development of the system of the corporate service of trucks and increase efficiency of its functioning. It is shown the influence of the climatic conditions of the region operating on the indicators of operational reliability. The proposed method will allow to organize the accumulation of statistical data on the most frequent reasons of premature refusals emergence in certain service conditions; accumulation of analytical data from the dealer centers allowing the producer purposefully to improve a design of the car, increasing its reliability and safety.Item Mathematical model of the temperature field in the half-space with partially determined boundary condition(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2013) Popil, Oksana; Halazyuk, OlenaTo improve the operational characteristics of the contacting surfaces of machine parts, plastic and casting elements of structures they are covered with thin coatings that have the physical-mechanical properties that differ from the core material. Under conditions of localized heating and different coefficients of the linear thermal expansion a cracking and exfoliation of the coating is possible. Therefore is actual a physically correct formulation of problems of thermal conductivity in the bodies with thin coating under localized heating.Item Methods of bicycle users’ survey(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2015) Tokmylenko, OlenaThe paper provides a review of data collection methods that can be used for bicycling modeling and planning. The review includes fifteen international studies that use different methods of data collection. The main advantages and disadvantages of each method are listed and the recommendations on when to use particular method are provided.Item Motor vehicles transition on natural gas fuel: prospects, advantages, risks(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2013) Makarova, Irina; Khabibullin, Rifat; Gabsalikhova, Larisa; Buyvol, Polina; Valiev, IlshatThe article is devoted to development of practical methods an assessment of prospects, risks and analysis of ecological efficiency of the actions connected with development of the automobile market on gas motor fuel. Advantages of use of gas motor fuel as safe and environmentally friendly type of alternative fuel are considered. Limiting factors of transition of the automobile transport on gas fuel are described and analyzed. High-quality risk analysis, characteristic for projects on expansion of a network of automobile gas-filling compressor stations and development of service of gas cylinder cars is carried out.Item Optimal synthesis of the impulsive resonant two-mass vibro-impact systems(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2013) Gursky, Volodymyr; Murashev, Sergiy; Gogol, RostyslavThe article solves the applied problem of the technological efficiency increase of resonant two-mass vibrating machines with an impulsive electromagnetic drive based on optimization synthesis and frequency analysis of asymmetric piece-linear elastic description. The value of speed of working mass is accepted for an objective function. Synthesis is based by frequency coefficient and relation of eigenfrequencies. The rational resilient parameters of asymmetric piece-linear elastic description settle accounts after the optimum values of the proper coefficients. The availability of the poly-frequency spectrum in the resonant mode of machine, operated by impulsive electromagnetic perturbation, is confirmed by the dynamic analysis and numerical system modeling.Item Scientific and methodological approaches to the evaluation of innovation development strategy of post offices(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2013) Krupska, ViktoriyaThe report identifies the main scientific and methodological approaches to evaluation of performance of innovative development strategy of mail service enterprises.Item Waste substances for the electricity production. Cheap power off the power industry(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2013) Kardasz, PiotrThe following article present the research on using an alternative fuel in diesel engines. The tested fuel is made from waste oil. The research conducted that use of this fuel helps to reduce the amount of pollutants emitted during the combustion and decreases the energy consumption. The use of the tested fuel also contributes to solve the waste disposal problem and increases the energy efficiency of the process.Item Адаптивний алгоритм керування рухом на регульованому Т-подібному перехресті(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2013) Могила, Ігор; Дяк, Марія; Шварик, ІгорAdaptive algorithms for traffic control at signalized intersections are analyzed and it is shown that there is no universal algorithm which is simple in software and practical implementation. The algorithm for control at T-shaped signalized intersection is proposed. The algorithm extends green light if volume is high or switches on the next stage if it is the long queue at the conflict direction. It is determined based on simulating results of signalized intersection functioning in VISSIM software that proposed algorithm is more efficient in comparison with fixed-time control irrespective of distance between detectors at the intersection approach.Item Аналіз використання міжнародних транспортних коридорів в Україні(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2013) Чеклова, Валентина; Панченко, Юрій; Костиря, ІринаThe article analyzes the international transport corridors concerning Ukraine. We consider separately each of the corridors, their length along grated Ukraine as rail and road journey. The features of the data corridors, their disadvantages. Create ITC and entering them into the international transport system is recognized nationwide priority direction of development of the transport system of Ukraine. Since 1998, implemented a number of important tasks "Program establishment and operation of a national network of international transport corridors Ukraine". On the infrastructure ITC, new technologies, the development of information systems, conducting research. The fact that the state has a very high coefficient of transitivity (Transport attractive) and therefore recovery, development and expansion of transport corridors is important for Ukraine.Item Визначення загального вигляду кривих розселення населення українських міст(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2013) Свічинський, СтаніславNowadays there is an insufficient attention to regularities in city population allocation. It can not be justified because these regularities are directly related to the transport demand and they reflect its spatial distribution over the city, that indicates the possibility of using the regularities mentioned in trip matrix calculation. Known to date population allocation curves refer to the cities of the former USSR and they are determined on the basis of large-scale surveys of citizens’ trips. It caused the research of population allocation functions in present-day conditions. Characteristics of public transport network became the basis of the research, because satisfaction of transport demand is a main purpose of route network functioning. This research, which was based not only on empirical data but on the theoretical considerations, allowed to determine theoretically possible population allocation curves and to significantly reduce the resource consuming of this process. Consequently, it was determined that all of these curves can be described by the curve of relative Gamma-distribution function.Item Визначення напружено-деформованого стану гумового буфера на основі уточненої моментної схеми скінченного елемента(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2013) Гребенюк, Сергій; Бова, ГаннаThis work is devoted to elaboration and numerical realization of method of research of the stressstrain state of the rubber buffer taking into account weak compressibility on the basis of the precise finite element moment scheme. To determine the stress-strain state of the rubber buffer in conditions of linear deformation the threedimensional finite element method has been used. For increasing the accuracy of numerical results the precise finite element moment scheme has been applied. This scheme is a modification of moment scheme and envisages the receipt of expressions for deformations on the base of supplement of approximating initial polynomials of finite elements to a complete. The undertaken research shows that calculation of rubber constructions taking into account weakly compressibility of materials allows getting the adequate results using the cubic approximation of displacements.Item Визначення напружено-деформованого стану пористої гумової плити в умовах нелінійного деформування(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2013) Гребенюк, Сергій; Юрєчко, ВасильThere was created an approach for the numerical analysis of stress-strain state of the porous plate in non-linear strained conditions. Porous body stress tensor is based on the general Hooke’s law and includes the dependence from the porous material elasticity, metric tensor components, approximation of the first, second and the third strain tensor invariants. For viscoelastic deformation modeling there’re used integral relations based on Boltzmann-Volterra genetic theory. There was made a calculation of porous plate allowing the relaxation only of the porous rubber shift module in terms of viscoelastic deformation using the relaxation core. As a result, there were received the components of deformation stress state i.e. time distribution of normal stresses and motion dependence on both time and stress.Item Визначення тривалості обстеження за поведінкою пасажирів при виборі шляху пересування(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2013) Свічинська, ОльгаAnalysis of passenger behavior when making route choice between different public transport routes is an important issue in transport planning and modeling and it should be based on the specially designed surveys. Difficulties in realization of these surveys and limitation of data that can be extracted don’t allow the researcher to make all necessary calculations and forecasts. It caused by subjective appreciation of available alternatives from the choice set and by ungrounded survey period when modeling the passenger route choice. This study presents the formula to calculate the number of days required for the survey of passenger travel behavior in city route system, which based on frequency and probability of route alternative to be chosen.Item Використання даних моделювання транспортних потоків у автоматизованих системах управління дорожнім рухом(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2013) Семченко, НаталіяIncrease of efficiency and traffic safety of vehicles on a road network is possible at introduction of automated control systems. They will allow to control traffic flows on the basis of information on traffic flows received from transport detectors on local objects. But introduction of automated control systems for traffic management is connected with considerable expenses. For the purpose of their reduction there was offered the technique of traffic flows modeling as well as their parameters which uses recurrent ratios. Parameters of traffic flows are calculated on the basis of received initial information only at entrances to conditional transport areas, the territory of automated control systems management is devided into. The adequacy of the developed model is approved by conducted pilot researches in the central part of Kharkiv. The use of the given technique will allow to reduce the number of transport detectors necessary for functioning of automated control systems used for traffic management by minimum 50 %.Item До проблеми попередження транспортних заторів(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2013) Ширін, ВалерійThe paper deals with the issues concerning traffic flow management on congested sections of the road network of cities by changing the speed limit when approaching them. The purpose of the given article is to describe a methodology for determining the speed of vehicles, which can be implemented with the help of technical means of traffic management to reduce traffic delays when driving through intersections and increase the capacity of streets and roads in general. The proposed method is based on the use of controlled traffic signs that are part of automated traffic management systems. The speed rate, the length of the slowdown road section and position parameters of regulated road signs refers to the speed limit parameters change. The listed controlled parameters are determined on the basis of the vehicle speed depending on the traffic flow at road junctions before crossing the traffic light control loop parameters.Item Дослідження демпфера нормально закритого чи відкритого з керуванням по тиску стиснутого повітря пневматичного привода(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2013) Ковриженко, Д. В.A mathematical model of the pneumatic actuator with the damping rod at the end of stroke was made. Transient movement of the actuator piston is considered as adiabatic and in pseudo steady-statement. It is assumed that the compressed air is an ideal gas. Not any air leak in the drive is out. Designs of regulators normally open and closed adaptive to the level of pressure in the chambers of the drive was create. The design of the damper to the universal changeover from normally open to normally closed and vice versa. A mathematical model of adaptive dampers for the influence of design parameters on the process of damping was written. The greatest impact parameters are: the diameter of the piston, the spring constant, the zero offset spring, and the angle forming the rod to its axis. The optimal design of the drive, which provides a smooth stop for a range of pressure as the nominal flow rate, mass, and the constant force load, was found. In work showed the efficiency of a damper on the parameters established speed braking and a swing speed.Item Дослідження коефіцієнтів зведення у щільних транспортних потоках(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2013) Форнальчик, Є. Ю.; Леськів, І. О.; Леськів, М. О.The necessity of usage of passenger car unit equivalent for destiny traffic flows is shown. Vehicles were classified on passenger cars, trucks and buses. It is determined that values of passenger car unit equivalents are smaller for all vehicle types than given in regulatory documents. The usage of theirs will allow take into account traffic flow composition at urban street network more adequately.