Environmental Problems
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Item Investigation of deportment of chalcophilic heavy metals in the waste rock of central coal enrichment plant “Chervonohradska” for the purposes of environmental safety of Lviv-Volyn coal basin(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2022-03-01) Kochmar, Iryna; Karabyn, Vasyl; Lviv State University of Life SafetyMining areas are centres of increased environmental danger. This is due to the development and operation of mines and subsequent beneficiation of coal, as well as the storage of significant volumes of empty waste rock in landfills. An important component of ensuring environmental safety is the investigation of the factors and ways of the impact of rock dumps on the state of the environment. In this regard, the article examines the forms of heavy metals found in the rock of the waste heap of the central coal enrichment plant “Chervonohradska” of the Lviv-Volyn coal basin. The environmental hazard factors caused by the distribution of various forms of lead, cadmium, zinc, and copper, based on establishing the migration capabilities of these elements in the technogenesis zone, are analyzed. It was determined that the gross content of lead reaches 16.32 mg/kg, cadmium – 5.84 mg/kg (exceeding clarke up to 29.2 times in siliceous siltstone and siltstone), zinc – 421 mg/kg (exceeding clarke up to 5.26 times in sandstone, siltstone and siliceous siltstone), copper – 112.89 mg/kg (exceeding clarke by 2 times in siltstone). The concentration coefficients of heavy metals in the samples were determined in relation to the gross form. The results of the research give a reason to evaluate the rocks of the waste dump in terms of the distribution of various forms of Pb, Cd, Zn and Cu as dangerous for the environment and unsuitable for use because in all the samples an excess content was observed in one form or another.Item Information support of Stebnyk geopark design(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2021-06-01) Mokryi, Volodymyr; Petrushka, Ihor; Dzhumelia, Elvira; Chayka, Oksana; Korolko, Sergiy; Lviv Polytechnic National University; National Academy of Land Forces named after hetman Petro SagaidachnySustainable development of Stebnyk Mining Industrial Area (MIA) is due to low subsoil use culture, negative impact of mining activities on the environment. Potential danger in the territory of influence of the enterprise is created by underground mine workings which are the centers of formation of karsts, and also a tailings dam. Therefore, the development and application of phytomelioration technologies of the tailings pond to stabilize the environmental situation is relevant.Item Ecological problems of enterprises of alcohol industry(Видавництво Львівської політехніки, 2020-02-10) Havryshko, Marianna; Popovych, Olena; Yaremko, Halyna; Lviv Polytechnic National UniversityThe issue of industrial water treatment and food waste disposal is particularly relevant, especially for the alcohol industry. The problem of wastewater treatment and waste accumulation in the process of alcohol production is due to high chemical and biological oxygen demand, specific colour and odour, a large number of suspended substances, low pH. Therefore, the choice of promising wastewater treatment technologies is of paramount importance to ensure the ecological safety of the environment. The purpose of the paper is 1) to analyze the state of the alcohol industry in Ukraine in recent years, and methods of its waste disposal; 2) to investigate and determine effective methods of waste disposal in the alcohol industry.Item Environmental safety management of substandard pesticide residues and remediation and reclamation of contaminated soil(Lviv Politechnic Publishing House, 2019-02-26) Petruk, Roman; Katkov, Mykhailo; Vinnytsia National Technical University; O. M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in KharkivIn Ukraine, there is still a great number of unused, unidentified and substandard pesticide preparations (PPs) and other toxic substances which have an extremely dangerous impact on humans and other living ecosystems and the environment. Besides, more than 75 thousand tons of pesticides are imported and produced annually in Ukraine, but some of them are not used during the period of their suitability. Consequently, when stored mostly in dilapidated warehouses and repositories of agrochemicals, as well as in the open areas, they fall into underground and ground water, and then through trophic chains into the organisms of living systems, causing severe poisoning and diseases. We note that till now, the problem of unsuitable PPs was solved only in the context of their utilization or export for processing outside the state, while the rest of this ecological problem – the restoration of soils and the remediation of contaminated lands at the state level, is not virtually solved. Therefore, the substantiation of the scientific and practical aspects of environmental safety management of such remediation processes is on time.Item Improvement of the composting technology of food component of municipal solid waste(Lviv Politechnic Publishing House, 2018-10-26) Krusir, Galyna; Sagdeeva, Olga; Kovalenko, Iryna; Malovanyy, Myroslav; Zakharchuk, Valentina; Odessa National Academy of Food Technologies; Lviv Polytechnic National University; Odessa National Economic UniversityThe work deals with solving the problem of raising the environmental safety level of the municipal solid waste landfills through the introduction of advanced composting technology of the solid waste food component with the use of mineral and microbiological additives.Item The scope of EIA in Ukraine – scientific priorities of the professor Yaroslav Adamenko(Lviv Politechnic Publishing House, 2017-09-08) Kundelska, Tamara; Ivano-Frankivsk National Technical University of Oil and GasThe article describes the stages of professional formation and scientific priorities of Professor Yaroslav Adamenko. The main results of joint research with students on the procedure for assessing the environmental impact of technogenic-dangerous objects, as well as ecological assessment of urbosystems and hydro ecosystems are given. The following is a description of the main scientific research results and possibilities for their practical application.Item Prospects of using methods effective use of alternative energy(Publishing House of Lviv Polytechnic National University, 2016) Bukhkalo, Svetlana; Olkhovska, OksanaThe article presents the possibility of the development of science-based concept of integrated processes complex enterprises energy mix (alternative energy and polymer wastes). A review of the literature and the necessary articles written on the subject: as technologies and economies develop and become more complex, energy needs increase greatly; types and methods of alternative energy, as well as the possibility of calculating the basic set of main economic indicators are classified; identified possible areas of work in obtaining the necessary information and results. The results of studies of complex innovative projects conducted as interuniversity cooperation.Item Adaptation of IUCN Сlassification schemes for environmental safety passports of species(Publishing House of Lviv Polytechnic National University, 2016) Kryvomaz, TetianaThis study aimed to improve the ways of risk assessment for environmental safety. The implementation of “Environmental safety passports of species” is of practical importance for effective risk assessment of individual species impact to the environment, humans and other living organisms. The classification schemes of International Union for Conservation of Nature for evaluating habitats, threats & stresses, use and trade, livelihoods of species were analyzed and adapted to the requirements of environmental safety. Some sections such as general information about species, their distribution, ecological classification, metabolism features, risks evaluation and beneficial use were itemized to be included into the structure of ESPS.